Kuwait’s Ramadan Rules: Penalties for Eating or Smoking in Public
Publicly Breaking the Fast During Ramadan
In Kuwait and many other Islamic countries, eating, drinking, or smoking in public during daylight hours in Ramadan—without a valid excuse—is considered a serious offense. This act not only contradicts Islamic principles but also violates civil laws, as it disregards the sanctity of Ramadan, a time of spiritual devotion for Muslims. Those who break their fast publicly are encouraged to repent, as it is regarded as a major sin in Islam.
What Constitutes Publicly Breaking the Fast?
A person is considered to have committed this offense under the following conditions:
- Intentional Violation: The individual deliberately eats, drinks, or smokes during fasting hours without a valid excuse, such as illness or travel.
- Public Display: The act is performed openly, making it evident to others that the person is not fasting.
- Lack of a Legitimate Excuse: The individual has no valid reason, such as a medical condition or travel, that would exempt them from fasting.
For example, if a security officer or bystander sees someone smoking in their car or eating in a public area during fasting hours, it is considered a public violation.
Are There Exemptions for Those with Valid Reasons?
People with legitimate excuses, such as medical conditions or travel, may be exempt from penalties if they provide appropriate documentation, such as a medical report or proof of travel. Islam allows such individuals to break their fast, but they are advised to do so discreetly. The Ministry of Interior’s Investigations Department handles these cases, taking humanitarian factors into account, such as age and health conditions. However, those who openly violate the rules, such as by smoking in public, are unlikely to receive leniency.
Penalties for Violating Ramadan Fasting Rules
Under Kuwaiti Law No. 44 of 1968, anyone who publicly breaks their fast during Ramadan faces:
- A fine of up to 100 Kuwaiti dinars,
- Imprisonment for up to one month, or
- Both.
These penalties also apply to individuals who encourage, assist, or force others to break their fast publicly. Courts have issued various rulings, including fines and deportations, for those convicted of this offense.
Regulations for Businesses During Ramadan
The law also applies to businesses. Establishments where public fasting violations occur can be closed for up to two months. The Kuwait Municipality has set guidelines on working hours for shops and restaurants, allowing them to prepare for iftar (the evening meal) two hours before sunset. Additionally, the Minister of Interior has the authority to order the closure of public establishments during fasting hours to uphold the law.
Common Violations During Ramadan
Despite Ramadan’s focus on patience and self-discipline, certain negative behaviors still occur. For example:
- Reckless driving: Some drivers and delivery riders speed dangerously just before iftar, increasing accident risks.
- Arguments and disputes: Tensions can sometimes lead to confrontations, undermining the spirit of Ramadan.
Advice for the Public
Expatriates and residents are urged to respect Ramadan’s sanctity and follow Islamic customs. Those who have valid reasons to break their fast should do so privately, out of respect for the holy month and fellow Muslims. By fostering a spirit of mutual respect and adherence to traditions, the community can ensure a peaceful and meaningful Ramadan for all.
